廨
ν
ж
г
г
ν
磿
г
дЦ桸Уν壡桶д
ди壬δУɡ飬
йvalue Щinterest income investment wealth capital cost rent profit
дзоοоЩúáдɡ
ζpricingarrangements price searching
transaction costs
factors of production ɡСЩ
Coase Theorem ÷÷÷棬
ββ
岻Щ飻м
theory of interest úдfinance J Hirshleifer I Fisher, 1867- 1947 risks 俼investment theory
зνЩ
λλо
е÷index numbers nе
л
廨
кв廨á
δггinflationary expectation γreal rate of interest Щгбterms structureof interest rates
гй
壬ЩС
ɡгúЩ磬дáгСá
塣бò浽
Щκнé
й棬ν
о
Щ÷磬зδекн
áЩ
ллгг
ж黹λnumeraire 壬С塹λɡгλ
impatience toconsume
á
·
opportunity to invest лζ
resource κμгpresent value future value г
Income is a series of events 仯С
мУwealth
δδб仯Щκй鱾г
δ壬еòannuity income 估M Friedman A Theory of theConsumption Function permanent income
г塣Щáá
á磬
棬dictum Interest is not a part of income, but thewhole of income
змгнЩ
capital value capital asset Сúincome discounted future income discounted present income
мòЩ
кααfactors of production з硣ó
investment Investment is the balancing of consumption overtime Income is potential consumption without trenching onwealth
壬в棬
saving
飨ССδ
κ飬Ч
ù
г壬岻
Щ硣м4856 塣гЩж
1776180 2001
2001
2% 162 90
4% 14,586 8,103
6% 1,312,949 729,416
8% 118,187,944 65,659,969
帴118 consumption
едò
Щ临ЩеЩλгУгЩо
indifference curve 仡滻marginal time preference rate мг滻
timeshape ЩоЩЩ棬粨
wealth
Щνnon- pecuniary income ΡòЦ飬Сй鲻
òáУ
··нгδ黹п
гκ
λòɡлп黹г
м
ɡ
нггиrate of return over cost 磻
Ц費ннг飬塢
СнЩ乫е
дúдúдνеЩ
Alchian áutility ònon- pecuniary goods pecuniarygoods 滻÷滻г
÷УЩб÷
conservation кЩеЩ
òó
мinternalrate of return Fisher solution wealth г硣
飬λλM Faustmann λM Gaffney ε\f3е飬飬Faustmann solution
ΣΣεɡ磬
м
úP Samuelson изá
мЯз
зме
згз硣áее
硣棬
壩K Boulding 塢Щ
Щ鱾áг棬м
硣
Умкī档硣·绹Сó
жúɡδммйСζ鹷С
separation theorem ó
гùгнг
ег滻滻й
üУnecessary but not sufficient 罨壬ССжεм
гп磬
Ща棬Щгīм
йɡг\f6 H Johnson ɡ
Уpotential actual ЩThe Theory of Interest ж
cost rent profit 壬
αЩīαгдαЩЩαú
ν
cost λЩáááácost д岻
Щopportunitycost гáвгThe cost of an event is the highest- valued opportunity necessarilyforsaken
гмüθй
СнСò绨Сн
ССй
СбУбμ
бб档л鷳
δuse value
塣Уannuity
С
cost СЩ˙nЩΣ
жмùм
ɡCost йtransaction cost transaction cost ásocial cost вй
comparative cost ɡthe lawof comparative advantage specialize λвг档
M Friedman
D Ricardo òɡ
-- --
100--1 90--1 2
120--1 80--1 2
оabsoluteadvantage λ0833 λ100120 λ1125 90 80 λ0889 8090 120 120 100
ratio AB вовκЩ
220220 100 2125 17080 ó1125 1125 ó1125 10 1125 1075 ó
J S Mill 1848 огó嶨裩侭E Heckscher 1919 B Ohlin 1933 A P Lerner 1932 P A Samuelson 1948 óóЩ
ввЩνpurchasing power parity е籩кü
óййй
СгУ
У衣ггвгкйм
гжΨ
б
仰Ща
rent ùeconomic rent quasi rent quasi
A Smith The Wealth ofNations resource allocation income distribution 棬
棬Ψе档αдαлδи
в
Сsurplus ΣH George, 1839- 1897 鵥εProgress and Poverty, 1879 д塣
1817 濴differential rent в
1848 взΣκ
йЪ1890 longrun short run ЩЪquasi rent economic rent rent ЪκЪ
λMrs J Robinson 1903- 1983 The Economics ofImperfect Competition УлA Digression on Rent Ъ
